Proclus, whose quote opens the section on Euclid, lived more than 700 years after this date, well into the 5th century AD. Euclid himself wasn't born till about decade after, in 325 BC.
That is true. I've updated the info, though I couldn't quite find the exact date of the publication of "Proclus' Commentary on the First Book of Euclid's Elements".
Unless gratefulness is actually binary (x is grateful for y), and directing this gratefulness towards someone is completely optional. (One might argue that the object of gratefulness is optional as well, and you can be grateful simpliciter, in an unqualified way. But to them I'd say there's an implied, general, object: the world, life, existence, or something like this.)
Correct. The translated sentence ("my son was a gude and honourable mon, but Sparta has mony a mon better than him.") does ends with two distinctly Doric words: τήνω (there, i.e. in Sparta) κάρρονας (stronger/better), instead of the Attic ἐκεῖ κρείττονας.
Thanks! Fascinating that the translator chose to represent the dialectal bits explicitly with a contemporary dialect, even though the style of the translation is not all contemporary. And the contemporariness makes the intent hard to understand without reading a bunch of footnotes (or ancient Greek) only a few decades later.
There's a very interesting comparison to be made between Wittgenstein and Spinoza, but saying something like "basically just a rehash" completely missed the point. Saying that Spinoza is "just a rehash" of Stoic ideas is a bit more correct, and still not very interesting outside of a very specified discussion.
The title "Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus" was not Wittgenstein's idea, but Moore's.