Certainly one would build something different starting in 2025 rather than 2001, but do you have specific examples of how ZFS’s design holds it back? I think it has been adapted extremely well for the changing ecosystem.
I didn't watch it in its entirety, but I'm familiar with Allan's work. There doesn't seem to be anything fundamental to the design of ZFS that his talk highlights as limiting, but there are many areas that have benefitted from optimization and tuning.