A classic sociopathic anti-reality extremist viewpoint. I've seen this type of thinking run companies into the ground. It is myopic and will be detrimental to any real-world situation in the long run.
Thiel is chock full of this BS, and his success should be disregarded as anything other than the statistical anomaly that it was.
Thiel has some hits and misses. I actually agree with him in this one. Most people in the corporate world end up split between several tasks (coming from several different managers, who may or may not be different people) and put forth a mediocre performance on all of them. That may be fine in a big company, but it's fatal in a startup.
The main problem with a single-priority system is the question of who sets the priority. If the employee is autonomous and trusted (e.g. open allocation) it can work. In a traditional managed environment, you already start out with 2 priority sets: the manager's goals, and the employee's career interests.
Thiel is chock full of this BS, and his success should be disregarded as anything other than the statistical anomaly that it was.